What two factors contribute to the formation of potholes?

The formation of potholes is primarily influenced by the combination of water and traffic. When water seeps into cracks in the pavement, it can freeze and expand during cold temperatures, leading to further cracking and deterioration of the surface. As a result of this freeze-thaw cycle, the integrity of the road surface is compromised.

Additionally, the weight and movement of traffic exacerbate this damage. Vehicles compress the weakened pavement, which can cause any existing cracks to widen and deepen, ultimately leading to the formation of potholes. This interaction creates a cycle in which water and traffic continuously damage the road surface, making this combination a critical factor in pothole formation. Understanding this helps in developing strategies for road maintenance and repair.